Letter
How to pronounce Polish letter «d» [d]
d
IPA[d]
Voiced dental [d]. Word-finally it is devoiced: kod → [kot].
How to shape the sound
At the end of a Polish word a voiced consonant is usually devoiced: «chleb» sounds [xlep], «kod» — [kot], «róż» and «rusz» — the same [ruš].
Common trap
In Ukrainian a final voiced consonant stays voiced (e.g. “dub” keeps [b]). Learners carry that habit into Polish and say «chleb» as [xleb]. In Russian and Belarusian final-obstruent voicing assimilation happens automatically, so this error is rare there.
How to fix it
Read the end of the word voiceless: chleb → [xlep], kod → [kot], gałąź → [gawońś].
Practice words
Pick a teacher — the word plays in their voice · Mirosław
dom
house
Focus on pronunciation «d»
dentysta
dentist
Focus on pronunciation «d»
woda
water
Focus on pronunciation «d»